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Nandikeshvara
Nandikeshvara (2nd century AD) was the great theorist on stage-craft of ancient India, redoubtable rival of Bharata Muni. He was the author of the ''Abhinaya Darpana'' (The Mirror of Gesture).
==His Influence on Bhasa==
Nandikeshvara seems to have preceded Bharata, according to Ramakrishna Kavi. Some consider him to be Bharata's master. The most concrete example of Nandikeshvara's teachings have survived thanks to Bhasa. The poet and playwright Bhasa who wrote in Sanskrit, scrupulously executed "in his stage direction a good number of theoretical instructions received from Nandikeshvara, overtly disregarding the strict injunctions formulated by Bharata as it is manifest in the spectacle of kutiyattam."〔Prithwindra Mukherjee, ''The Scales of Indian Music: A Cognitive Approach to That/ Melakarta'', Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts, 2004 (Critical Bibliography, pp411-418)〕 Bhasa’s plays had seemed, indeed, to ignore major inhibitions imposed by Bharata : for instance, that of fighting or inflicting capital punishment on the stage, etc. Even if it cannot be proved that the Kutiyattam is as old as Bhasa's texts, nobody can disregard the considerable influence of this prince among playwrights on the traditional abhinaya we are speaking of, probably the oldest in the world.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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